The "bulbs" (psedobulbs) are indeed attached - that's the plant. They do grow... orchids do like to be somewhat potbound. Eventually, though, repotting is necessary, both because the plant has outgrown the pot, and more importantly, the medium breaks down and loses the vital air spaces.
When you repot, you can just go to a pot a bit larger - allow room for about 2 years' growth no more. Eventually you may want to divide, but not until you can be sure that each division has at least 3 psedobulbs, and new growth. Also, in the Oncidium group, the oldest growths may shrivel - they lose their roots eventually. Those can be removed, again as long as you have plenty of fat, healthy pseudobulbs. . Phalaenopsis grow mostly upward from a single growth point (monopodial growth habit). Oncidiums, Cattleyas, Dendrobiums and many others grow along a rhizome (sympodial growth) and so climb out of their pots, that's natural. These should be repotted only when producing new growth (and new roots)
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