It does act like a barrier, but is a bit of a double-edged sword.
It keeps pathogens out of the flask, but should be avoided when possible, because it stops gas exchange.
For some plants it causes a problem; due to volatile compounds (like ethylene) and/or imbalances between oxygen and carbon dioxide, growth can be stunted.
That said vented caps are expensive, and gas exchange isn't too much of an issue for seeds germination. Plus, frequent replates put plantlets in "fresh" air.
Cling wrap is a good DIY option to increase success when you don't have a lab.
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