The endosperm may make the seeds bigger, but I don't know exactly how much larger.
Endosperm is like the yolk sac in chicken eggs.
When an egg (the soon to be seeds) gets fertilized in a plant, double fertilization occurs in order to form an embryo and endosperm. In seeds without endosperm, I don't think there's double fertilization. This is the simplified version. I don't know how to explain the more detailed version, so I'll leave it at this.
Yes, because the endosperm is lacking, that's why they need the fungus to sprout.
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Philip
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