I used to think roots only came in green or green with dark shading but I've since had white and red roots, not just the tips but the whole root. Maxillaria's generally have red roots, noefinetia roots can have pink tips, othrewise most phals have green tips.
If they are deprived of sunlight so grown in a pot they turn into those vampire roots and become yellow or possibly a light green.
So I think the main difference is that dark tips are tips exposed to sun and light colored tips are in pots. They do fine being a lighter color, the vampire bit obviously just a joke but that is basically the difference I think. The lighter roots tips are kept in the dark.
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