Do you have a jeweller's loupe (same thing that geologists use to study rocks when they're in the field)? If you can find one that's 10x to 20x power, take a close look at the tip of the spike. It looks like some kind of pitting to me, maybe caused by spider mites or some other smaller-than-the-eye-can-see parasite. As far as the second picture goes, that appears to be a new growth. It looks very much like the new growths look when they first appear on my Bulbophyllum echinolabium (which I think is closely related to carunculatum). Maybe someone who's much more experienced than I am with bulbos (the echinolabium's my only species from this genus) will provide better answers to your questions. Best of luck with your plant.
Steve
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