Officinal Dendrobium(Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo) belongs to the orchidaceous family. It is vivacious herbage, its stems is about 15-50 cm in height and 4-8mm in diameter. Its leaf with thick heath is about 3-6.5 cm in length, 0.8-2cm width. Its inflorescence with 2-4 flowers always grows at the middle part of the stem. Its flower are light yellow with a little aroma, sepal is 1.2-2cm in length, petals are short than sepals, labellum is 1.3-1.6cm in length, 7-9mm width. The flowering period of Officinal Dendrobium is form April to June. Officinal Dendrobium is mainly distributed in the south west part of China with the altitude blow 1600m. It is always growing at the cliffs or on the trees in remote mountains in sub tropical area.
Officinal Dendrobium can be served as medicines, Its stems always produced to be FengDou( a folk Chinese medicine). Officinal Dendrobium has been used as a famous medicine since a long time ago; it is good for the stomach, and also good for lungs. Nowadays as the research going, it is reported that the effective components of Officinal Dendrobium have functions for resisting cancer, caducity, strengthening human being resistance for diseases, expanding blood vessel. It is researched that the glutinosity components is mainly water-solubility amylose occupies 22.7%, Officinal Dendrobium contains general amino acid 133.2mg/g, among them glutamic acid, glycin and asparagines acid occupy 35.8%. Its amylase, which can strengthen human beings resistance for diseases, is a good material for Officinal Dendrobium amylose producing industry. Officinal Dendrobium contains active components which can restrain the liver cancer cell activity. The liquid abstracting from Officinal Dendrobium can restrain the activity of enzyme which performing in the basic metabolism for controlling producing energy. It also can increase the saliva secreting.
The investment on plantation of Officinal Dendrobium in large scale has glorious future. Nowadays the market price of Officinal Dendrobium is about 300$ per kilogram. Because the resource of Officinal Dendrobium is mainly form wild ones, and the increasing picking of wild ones, the Officinal Dendrobium resource are becoming less and less, in 1986 Chinese government listed Officinal Dendrobium as under protection plant species, its market price are increasing rapidly. Only if there are more investors investing on plantation of Officinal Dendrobium, more common people can benefit form Officinal Dendrobium medicine.
Officinal Dendrobium seeds are very small with out albumen, thus it is impossible to reproduce Officinal Dendrobium with seeds, while the traditional way of propagation by cuttings are in very low efficiency. Because of the over picking for wild Officinal Dendrobium, the resource of Officinal Dendrobium is limited. The way for propagation of Officinal Dendrobium has got attention from the researchers all over the world since a long time ago. The way for cloning Officinal Dendrobium, which was invente by Professor Li Changxiao, has unique features. It can lower down the cost, it has high efficiency and high seedlings survival rate. It can ensure that reproducing lots of seedlings in very short time, thus it can save the Officinal Dendrobium resources.
Nowadays, using tissue culture for rapid reproduction of Officinal Dendrobium has some problems. Its high costs and low survival rate during transplanting are the main factors constraining the development of Officinal Dendrobium propagation. Using tissue culture for Officinal Dendrobium propagation has a lot of procedures, such as need lots of times inoculation, need lots of time and materials. In order to solve the problem of low survival rate during the transplanting process, one needs to improve the condition for nursing getting strong tube seedlings, needs to improve the condition for transplanting and planting, such as the sunlight, temperature, humidity, etc. In addition, the fertilizer and pesticide are also the important factors for planting tube-seedlings.
The technique of efficient and rapid non-tube plant clone (TERNPC), which was invented by Professor Li Changxiao, has been used for over 18 years; over 700 species of plants have been successfully propagated by TERNPC. Officinal Dendrobium has also been reproduced successfully by TERNPC. TERNPC can be used directly in simple conditions; it can ensure the rapid propagation of Officinal Dendrobium with high efficiency and high seedlings survival rate. Using TERNPC, the seedlings amount of each new generation will be 5-6 times more than mother generation, and the survival rate of seedlings will be over 95%. This unique technique has gotten world wide attention of the enterprises which plants or produces Dendrobium plants. TERNPC can be used for large scale plantation of Officinal Dendrobium, It can lower down the costs of nursing and planting Officinal Dendrobium seedlings, while ensure the quality of seedlings, thus it can accelerate the development of Officinal Dendrobium bases for medicine materials. Promoting the development of TERNPC, which was invented by Professor Li Changxiao, will protect the endangered medicine plant resources, will lower down the costs of producing medicine for enterprises, and also can bring lots of benefits socially.
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