If a plant has lost its roots, it has no way to take up water, so keeping it from desiccating before it has a chance to regrow roots is the key to keeping it alive.
That said, whatever environment you expose the base of the plant to determines the structure of the roots on a cellular level, whether that be water, an inorganic medium, or a traditional organic one.
Those roots will be fine in that environment, but if you change that, they will be of no use and the plant will have to grow new roots 'tailored" to that new environment.
That last paragraph should be taken as a matter of degrees, not 'all or nothing", as there may be sufficient similarity between old and new that the existing roots may hang around for a while, even though they're not optimal.
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