Sorry I missed this folks. Roots look great - just really wet. Phal roots need to dry out to white with green tips before next watering. I use clear pots for this reason. It's way easy to tell when ready to water.
Neem oil for buggies. Plain and simple. Roots, plants, potting medium, doesn't matter. You can actually mix it up in a large batch and water your whole collection, just in case. Might not kill the buggies, but won't hurt either. I wouldn't jump on Malathion until you are convinced you have a bug that it will kill (that you want to kill). That isn't a chemical to use in the house if you can help it.
Neem oil is an extract from the Neem plant (Duh!) and works a lot like canola oil in that it tends to "kill" or stop pathogens in their tracks. Works only on insects, not bacteria or rot. Sorry.
Physan 20 is a compound available here in the US, but perhaps not in Europe (don't know.) There may be suppliers here that are able to deliver it to Europe. Other alternatives are mild bleach solution (5% bleach diluted - not sure how well, since I don't use it) Phyton 27 (I had heard of this used in Canada) the whole idea is a treatment for algae and algae symptoms. Not rot. It won't help with rot.
For rot we want to use Thiomyl which is a wettable powder and also a systemic. When mixed properly, you can keep it a while (I keep it up to a month)nand shake before spraying. Plants need to have viable roots before it will be taken up through the roots. A certain amount of uptake may be had through the leaves, but not not much. I have been successful in stopping leaf rot in its tracks with this chemical.
Sorry for the long post but there were lost of questions.
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