What's in a name?

[Kmolson126]

I'm a very beginner orchid enthusiast and previously had only gotten orchids from grocery stores. I'm looking to expand my collection and branch out to other Genus than Phalaenopsis. When I'm looking at orchids from breeders (is that the right term?), there are so many names!! For instance, this is a name of a Cattleya from SVO:

SVO 7958t
C. Gaudii (C. leopoldii f. coerulea 'Kathleen' JC/AOS x C. loddigesii f. coerulea 'Blue Sky' AM/AOS)

How does one interpret this? I keep seeing the terms "grex" and "cultivar" being thrown around, but I don't know what these mean.