Rule #1: ALWAYS read the instructions on the package.
Generally, you'll need to do three or four very thorough treatments - wetting all of the plant surfaces and soaking the medium - spaced a week apart, in order to kill the adults and newly-maturing ones.
In most terrestrial plants, systemic insecticides appear to have about a 30-day longevity, but I have seen no similar documentation dealing with orchids, so who knows?
Rule #2: DO NOT use insecticides as a preventive measure (or a "preventative" one, if you prefer to use nonexistent words). Because, inevitably, you will expose some bugs to the poison in a dose that is insufficient to kill them, it is possible for them to build up resistance to the chemical, pass that on to their progeny, and voila! you have developed a resistant strain that can no longer be killed by that poison's mechanism.
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